Glossary

Tier 1

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Main suppliers to OEMs or car makers, typically responsible for assembling complex systems within the vehicle, such as the engine, gearbox, wiring loom, brake system, etc. Second level of the Automotive industry supply chain.

Tier 2

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Responsible for smaller systems, bespoke processes, task-specific software or components. Tier 2 suppliers work closely with multiple Tier 1 suppliers, and may even be part of the same company. For example, Autoliv is a major…

Tier 3

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Considered to be outside the active supply chain, these companies provide raw materials (such as steel, silicon, carbon fibre, paint, etc) to Tier 2 manufacturers. It is rare for Tier 3 companies to be visible…

Time of flight

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Range imaging camera system that resolves distance based on the known speed of light, measuring the time-of-flight of a light signal between the camera and the subject for each point of the image. ToF camera…

TISA

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Traveller Information Services Association is a membership association to implement traffic and travel information services and products based on existing standards, including primarily RDS-TMC and TPEG technologies.

Traffic Jam Assist – TJA

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Helps keep distance from other vehicles and adapts speed and optionally takes control of steering in lower-speed, dense traffic situations. Traffic Jam Assist is based on the sensors and mechanics of automatic Cruise control, Stop…

Traffic Light Recognition

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Detects traffic light state (proceed, prepare to stop and stop) using a camera to identify traffic lights by looking at shape, colour and position. This may be combined with navigation data, augmented by satellite navigation…

Traffic Sign Recognition

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A Traffic Sign Recognition system is a camera-based technology that detects and analyses the traffic signs next to the road. Speed limit signs can for instance be used to control speed of the vehicle. Often…

Tyre Pressure Monitoring System

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Wireless sensors inside tyres to help you maintain your vehicle or detect a failure. Direct sensors are small, wireless devices inside each tyre, which report the tyre’s pressure reading to your dashboard. Indirect sensors work…

Ultrasonic

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Type of short-range sensor using high-frequency sound to measure the distance to an object. Very low cost, often bumper-mounted at the rear and (less often) front and side of vehicles at low levels.  Main applications…