Glossary

Lane Change Assistance

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Used either in manual driving mode, LCA relies on longer-range sensors to ensure safety prior to a lane change taking place. RADAR sensors fitted in the rear of the vehicle constantly monitor the traffic situation…

Lane Departure Warning

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Lane Departure Warning uses a forward-facing camera to detect lane markings, warning the driver in case the vehicle leaves the lane without proper use of the turn signal. More advanced systems may augment camera data…

Lane Keeping Assistance

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Lane Keeping or Lane Centering Assistance helps drivers to keep their vehicle within a traffic lane. It uses a front-facing video camera sensor to detect the lane markings to the right and left of the vehicle….

Level 0

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No automation. A human controls all driving tasks, even when aided by assistance systems such as cameras. One of the ‘Levels of Automation’ as the Society of Automotive Engineers.

Level 1

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Driver assistance. A human controls most driving; the vehicle performs either specific steering or acceleration / braking tasks. One of the ‘Levels of Automation’ as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers.

Level 2

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Partial automation. The vehicle performs both specific steering and acceleration / braking tasks; a human controls all other driving. One of the ‘Levels of Automation’ as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers.

Level 3

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Conditional automation. The vehicle performs driving in some modes; a human intervenes when requested. One of the ‘Levels of Automation’ as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers.

Level 4

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High automation. The vehicle controls specific driving modes without human intervention. One of the ‘Levels of Automation’ as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers.

Level 5

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Full automation. The vehicle controls all driving, full time, without human intervention needed.

Levels of Automation

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Defined standards of vehicle automation created by the Society of Automotive Engineers, numbered from 0 (no automation, manual control) to 5 (full automation, no human interaction)